Evaluation of surface treated implant with nanotitania / Шинэ санаа Шинэ нээлт

@#Dental implants are valuable devices for restoring lost teeth. At this moment, nanotechnology has emerged with several techniques to modify implant surfaces. In addition, some evaluation techniques at the nano level are contributing important information regarding tissue and cell interactions with the implanted material. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the bone responses to 3 different types of 4.1-mm-diameter, 10mm-long implant surfaces on a dog femur model: 1) Sand blasted with alumina and Acid etched (SA), 2) Resorbable blast media (RBM), functioning as control groups, and 3) Anode oxidation nano-titana (Anodized TiO2) surface implants as experimental group. For this study, implants were placed in 3 beagle dogs (age, 18 months; weight, 11-14 kg). Their purchase, selection, management, and experimental procedure were carried out according to established conditions by the Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Medical Research Center, Medical College of Yonsei University. Nineteen turned screw-shaped implants with 3 different surfaces (4.1mm in diameter, 10mm in length) were made from commercially pure titanium (grade IV). Thirteen implants were placed in each beagle dogs no. 1 and 2 and six implants were placed in the remaining beagle dog. Implants placed in beagle dogs no. 1 and 2 underwent histology analysis, X-ray and CT taking, and analysis of relative bone mineral density with Dataviewer program. While removal torque was measured in the implants placed in beagle no. 3 after a healing period of 4 and 8 weeks. A histological evaluation of the specimens in this study showed that osseointegration was achieved for all control and experimental group after a healing period of 4 and 8 weeks. The following means were obtained for bone-implant contact (BIC) percentage for 4 and 8-week groups, respectively: SA: 85.16%, 38.88%; RBM: 41.62%, 58.87%; and Anodized TiO2: 43.85%, 61.3%. The following means were obtained for bone volume (BV) percentage for 4 and 8-week groups, respectively: SA: 34.48%, 51.55%; RBM: 58.56%, 81.56%; and Anodized TiO2: 47.22%, 63.53%. In this study, 8-week consolidated Anodized TO2 surface implants showed increased removal torque value (RTV) compared to that of the 4-week group. The obtained RTV means were 86.0 and 99.7Ncm, respectively, for 4 and 8-week Anodized TiO2 implants. The present study showed that osseointegration occurred in all investigated types of surface-treated implants. However, the control groups showed slight increase in the BIC and BIV values compared to the experimental groups. Therefore the clinical relevance of the observed results remains to be shown.

Urinary Incontinence Could Be Controlled by an Inflatable Penile Prosthesis

PURPOSE: Due to the increasing numbers of radical prostatectomies (RP) performed for prostate cancer, a substantial and increasing number of patients suffer from postoperative urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction (ED). The objective of our study was to see whether an inflatable penile prosthesis implantation could control urinary incontinence for patients with the dual problems of ED and incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2010 through May 2015, 25 post-RP patients were referred to our clinic with ED or incontinence. The degree of incontinence was classified according to the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Inflatable penile prostheses were implanted in all 25 patients. RESULTS: For one month after implantation, partial or full inflation was performed progressively to control urine leakage. Of 18 patients, 13 patients were categorized with mild or moderate stress incontinence. All 13 patients obtained control of incontinence with partial inflation (30% to 60%) and all reported satisfactory outcomes. Five out of the 18 patients were categorized with severe total incontinence. Three of the 5 patients could tolerate incontinence with full inflation on and off. Thirteen patients out of the total of 18 (72.2%) had their incontinence controlled by an inflating penile prosthesis. CONCLUSIONS: An inflatable penile prosthesis is highly recommended as an initial procedure, especially in patients with the dual problems of ED and incontinence.

Study on Factors Associated with the Rise in Grade of Nursing Management Fee among Korean Hospitals / 보건행정학회지

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the increase in Grade of Nursing Management Fee of medical institutions and establish a reasonable government policy by examining which factors affect the increase of nurse staffing. METHODS: Analyzing data collected from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service resource management department with targets of 1,104 medical institutions. The study period was 5 years from June 30, 2008 to June 30, 2013. SAS ver. 9.2 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used for statistical analysis. The data was analyzed by a chi-square test and also conducted muiltivariate logistic regression analyses for variables of basic characteristics, human resource characteristics, and material resources. RESULTS: Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of the rise in Grade of Nursing Management Fee among other hospitals compared to hospitals owned by government or universities was 0.264. The AOR in hospitals established after November 2006 compared to those before June 1995 was 2.383. The AOR in Gangwon, Chungcheng South, and Jeolla South Provinces compared to Seoul was 0.084, 0.036, and 0.194, respectively. The AOR in hospitals with more than 6.75 specialists per 100 beds compared to those with less than 6.75 specialists per 100 beds was 7.514. The AOR in hospitals with more than 17.48 nurse per 100 beds compared to those with less than 17.48 nurse per 100 beds was 3.300. The AOR in hospitals with 50% to 75% bed utilization, 75% to 90% bed utilization and more than 90% bed utilization compared to those with less than 50% bed utilization was 5.428, 9.884, and 10.699, respectively. The AOR in hospitals with one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and more than two MRI compared to those with no MRI was 2.018 and 2.942, respectively. CONCLUSION: This result has showed policies to induce the rise in Grade of Nursing Management Fee among old hospitals and the incentive system for local medical institutions are needed. Also we need to develop a governmental policy for medium-small hospitals with low operation rate of beds and insufficient medical personnel and number of equipment in hospitals.

Effects of Ovarian Cycle on Hemodynamic Responses during Dynamic Exercise in Sedentary Women

This study tested the hypothesis that effects of the menstrual cycle on resting blood pressure carry over to dynamic exercise. Eleven healthy females were studied during the early (EP; low estrogen, low progesterone) and late follicular (LP; high estrogen, low progesterone) menstrual phases. Stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and total vascular conductance (TVC) were assessed at rest and in response to mild and moderate cycling exercise during EP and LP. During EP, compared to LP, baseline SBP (111+/-1 vs. 103+/-2 mmHg), DBP (71+/-2 vs. 65+/-2 mmHg) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (84+/-2 vs. 78+/-1 mmHg) were higher and TVC (47.0+/-1.5 vs. 54.9+/-4.2 ml/min/mmHg) was lower (p<0.05). During exercise, absolute values of SBP (Mild: 142+/-4 vs. 127+/-5 mmHg; Moderate: 157+/-4 vs. 144+/-5 mmHg) and MAP (Mild: 100+/-3 vs. 91+/-3 mmHg; Moderate: 110+/-3 vs. 101+/-3 mmHg) were also higher, while TVC was lower (Mild: 90.9+/-5.1 vs. 105.4+/-5.2 ml/min/mmHg; Moderate: 105.4+/-5.3 vs. 123.9+/-8.1 ml/min/mmHg) during EP (p<0.05). However, exercise-induced increases in SBP, MAP and TVC at both work intensities were similar between the two menstrual phases, even though norepinephrine concentrations were higher during LP. Results indicate that blood pressure during dynamic exercise fluctuates during the menstrual cycle. It is higher during EP than LP and appears to be due to additive effects of simultaneous increases in baseline blood pressure and reductions in baseline TVC.

The effect of alendronates administration duration on the healing of extraction socket in rats: pilot study / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different administration duration of alendronate on initial wound healing and new bone formation of extraction socket in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 130-140 g, 4 weeks old, male) were divided into control group (no alendronate administration) and experimental group (alendronate administration). Experimental group was subdivided into 1 week administrated group, 2 week administrated group, 4 week administrated group and 6 week administrated group according to duration of administration. For the experimental groups, during the designated time period (at the time of extraction, 1 week before extraction, 3 week before extraction and 5 week before extraction) till 1 week after extraction, rats were subcutaneously injected with Alendronate at the dose of 1.0 mg/Kg three times a week. Each specimen from 6 week experimental group and control group were used for microarray analysis, and other specimens were used for histological analysis. The rate of new bone formation within the extraction site and bone loss activity was analyzed using TRAP staining. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal Wallis test. (alpha=.05) RESULTS: After one week from the time of extraction, the rate of new bone formation within extraction site for the control group (16.77% +/- 1.36%) compared to the 4 week experimental group (14.99% +/- 6.26%) was lower. However, no statistically significant difference was found. Increase in the number of inactive lacuna (empty lacuna) and decrease in the number of TRAP positive cell were identified with increased duration of administration. There was no significant difference. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed as the duration of Alendronate administration increased the rate of new bone formation decreased with loss of bone activity and reduced number of osteoclast.

Clinical Significance of Lymph Node Dissection in Patients with Muscle-Invasive Upper Urinary Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma Treated with Nephroureterectomy

We investigated the value of lymph node dissection in patients with cN0 muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UUT-TCC). Medical records of 152 patients with cN0 muscle-invasive UUT-TCC, who underwent nephroureterectomy between 1986 and 2005, were reviewed. Sixty-three patients (41.4%) underwent lymph node dissection. The median number of lymph nodes harvested was 6 (range, 1 to 35), and from these, lymph node involvement was confirmed in 9 patients (14.3%). Locoregional recurrence (LR) and disease-recurrence (DR) occurred in 29 patients and 63 patients, respectively. Fifty-five patients (36.2%) had died of cancer at the last follow-up. The number of lymph nodes harvested was associated with the reduction of LR (chi-square(trend)=6.755, P=0.009), but was not associated with DR (chi-square(trend)=1.558, P=0.212). In the survival analysis, N stage (P=0.0251) and lymph node dissection (P=0.0073) had significant influence on LR, but not on DR or disease-specific survival. However, the number of lymph nodes harvested did not affect LR-free, DR-free, or disease-specific survival. We conclude that lymph node dissection may improve the control of locoregional cancer, as well as staging accuracy, in cN0 muscle-invasive UUT-TCC, but that it does not clearly influence survival.

Efficacy of Microdecompression with Microscope and Tubular Retractor in Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis: Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of microdecompression (MD) with microscope and tubular retractor in lumbar foraminal stenosis (FS) and to analyze the clinical outcomes. METHODS: From January 2006 to December 2007, 22 patients with symptomatic lumbar FS underwent conventional decompressive surgery (CDS) and MD was performed in other 20 patients. Clinical outcome was measured using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Macnab?fs criteria. Spinal instability was determined by radiologic assessment of flexion-extension radiographs. RESULTS: The CDS group included 14 men and 8 women. The MD group included 14 men and 6 women. The mean age was 66.2 years (range, 46-80 yrs) in the CDS group and 65.4 years (range, 59-74 yrs) in the MD group. Average follow-up periods were 18.6 months in the CDS group and 16.5 months in the MD group. Mean operating time was 126 minutes in the CDS group and 168 minutes in the MD group. The mean VAS of back pain decreased from 2.68 to 1.36 in the CDS group and from 2.85 to 1.25 in the MD group. The mean VAS score of leg pain decrea- sed from 6.68 to 1.48 in the CDS group and from 6.65 to 1.40 in the MD group. The success rate of CDS group was 86.3 % (19/22), compared with 85.0% (17/20) for MD group. Radiologically, there was no spinal instability. CONCLUSION:MD could achieve neural decompression and offer an effective treatment of lumbar FS. However it was a technically demanding procedure and effective in limited operative indications. We need to consider long-term follow-up.

Comparison of Voiding Parameters According to the Subtypes of SS-Penogram in Patients with Both Erectile Dysfunction and Lower Urinary Symptoms / 대한남성과학회지

PURPOSE: We investigated the results of voiding parameters according to the subtypes of audiovisual stimulation (AVS)- and sexual stimulation (SS)-penogram in patients with both erectile dysfunction (ED) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty seven patients with ED and LUTS were included in this study. Erectile function was evaluated by international index of erectile function (IIEF)-5, AVS-penogram, and SS-penogram. After AVS-penogram, SS-penogram was performed 30 minutes after taking mirodenafil (100mg) orally. We also evaluated voiding function with international prostatic symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), urinary flow rate (UFR), residual urine volume (RV), and transrectal ultrasonograpy (TRUS). Voiding functionparameters were analyzed according to the subtypes of AVS- and SS-penogram. RESULTS: Although there was tendency that the IIEF-5 scores were lower in patients who showed decreased erectile responses on AVS-penogram, but it did not reach the statistical significance (p= 0.09). The RV was significantly increased as the erectile function worsens based on AVS-penogram (p= 0.003). However, no significant relationship was found betweenresults of SS-penogram and voiding function parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed some relationship between voiding function and erectile function evaluated by AVS-penogram, but not by SS-penogram, in patients with both ED and LUTS. AVS-penogram, as well as IIEF questionnaire, may play an important role in predicting voiding function in patient with both conditions .

The Patterns and Risk Factors for Subsequent Bladder Recurrence in Patients with Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Upper Urinary Tract: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: We wanted to evaluate the patterns and risk factors for subsequent bladder recurrence after surgical management for upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma(TCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1986 and 2004, the medical records of the patients who were diagnosed and surgically treated for upper urinary tract TCC were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 215 patients were enrolled in this study, and the median follow-up duration was 53 months (range: 12-240). The bladder recurrence-free survival curve was generated by the Kaplan-Meier method. To investigate the risk factors for subsequent bladder recurrence among the various clinicopathological features, the log rank test and Cox's proportional hazard model were used. RESULTS: Recurrence developed in 81 patients(37.7%). Of them, 70 patients (86.4%) had recurred within 24 months, and 76 patients(93.8%) had superficial bladder cancer. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer developed in only 8 patients(9.9%) during follow-up. On univariate analysis, the T stage, age and urine cytology had an influence on bladder recurrence with statistical(borderline) significance. Multivariate analysis revealed that urine cytology was the only independent risk factor for bladder recurrence (p=0.020). CONCLUSIONS: Subsequent bladder recurrence after treatment for upper urinary tract transitional cell cancer usually occurred within two years after surgery, and positive urine cytology is an independent prognostic factor for subsequent bladder recurrence.

Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy with a Bladder Cuff Excision / 대한비뇨기과학회지

We report here on our technique and outcomes of the first two cases of robot-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with a bladder cuff excision(RLNU). RLNU was performed on two female patients who both had a muscle invasive lower ureter tumor. For the first step, nephroureterectomy was performed in the lateral flank position. For the second step, bladder cuff excision and bladder repair were performed in a steep Trendelenburg position. The specimen was extracted through a 6 cm sized incision in the umbilical trocar site. Both procedures were successfully completed with using the robot without conversion to open surgery. The total operative time, including the lymphadenectomy and the robot docking times, was 320 and 241 minutes, respectively, for the 2 patients. The estimated blood loss was 40 and 200 ml, respectively. The pathological examinations showed stage T3 and T2 invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter. The patients' postoperative recoveries were uneventful and the bladder cuff was free of tumor. RLNU may have potential advantages over open and laparosopic surgery due to its minimal invasiveness. This approach can be an alternative to open surgery or laparoscopic technique.

The Relationship between the Early Follow-Up BNP Level and Congestive Status or Prognosis in Acute Heart Failure

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A correlation between the BNP reduction ratio and prognosis could be expected to be found by evaluating the BNP reduction depending on the volume status during the early period. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Between October 2002 and June 2004, 120 patients with acute heart failure (AHF)(<1 month) were included. The patients were divided into three groups according to their volume status, as follows. Group I: patients with clinical & radiological wet status, Group II: clinical dry & radiological wet status and Group III: clinical & radiological dry status. The blood BNP (Triage(r)) level and clinical parameters were analyzed. The bad prognostic parameters were defined as readmission due to heart failure, a major adverse cardiac event or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 68.0+/-12.7 years, and 50.0% of the subjects were male. The most frequent etiology of AHF was ischemic heart disease (35.8%). There were 61.7, 24.1 and 14.2% in Groups I, III and III, respectively. The baseline BNP level was higher in group I and II than in group III patients (I: 1540.4+/-1202.8, II: 1482.8+/-1281.6, III: 666.4+/-827.9 pg/mL, p=0.036) as was the early BNP reduction ratio (I: 69.8+/-27.1, II: 67.4+/-32.8, III: 1.3+/-144.9%, p=0.007). Sixteen (13.3%) patients had a poor prognosis. From a logistical analysis, the early BNP reduction ratio (p=0.004) and creatinine level (p=0.029) were significant predictors of the clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: The early change in the BNP level varied depending on the degree of congestive status, and was also correlated with the level of clinical outcomes. Therefore, in our opinion, the early monitoring of the BNP level will provide significant clinical information in AHF patients.

The Effect of Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor on the Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Neointima Formation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that prolonged oral administration of farnesyl transferase inhibitor (FTI, LB42908a, MW=604, LG chemical, Korea) inhibits the proliferation and neointimal thickening of smooth muscle cells (SMC) in a rat carotid injury model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cultured rat aortic vascular SMCs were exposed to sequential concentrations of FTI, and the proliferation inhibition analyzed using the MTT assay. In the rat carotid injury model, the FTI, at 3 dose levels (low-dose;10mg/kg, bid;mid-dose;50mg/kg, bid;high-dose;100 mg/kg, bid), or as a placebo, was administered orally, twice a day for 14 days, starting from 30 minutes before injury, until sacrifice. The histo-morphometric analysis was performed. The immunohistochemical detection of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was performed for 3 days. RESULTS: FTI inhibited the PDGF or FBS-induced cellular proliferations in a dose dependently manner. In the rat carotid artery balloon injury model, the mean neointimal area was significantly less in the mid-dose group than in the placebo and low-dose groups (control:0.35+/-0.04mm2, low-dose:0.23+/-0.04mm2 and mid-dose:0.19+/-0.04mm2, p<0.05), and the mean ratio of the neointima to medial areas were significantly less in the mid-dose group than in the placebo and low dose group (placebo:3.02+/-0.34, low-dose:2.24+/-0.54 and mid-dose:1.47+/-0.31, p<0.05). The labeling index of the PCNA was significantly less in the mid-dose group than in the placebo and low-dose groups (control:71+/-9, low-dose:73+/-9, mid-dose:54+/-14 and high-dose:53+/-9, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The FTI inhibits SMC proliferation in a dose dependent manner. The prolonged oral administration of FTI, for 14 days, is effective in reducing neointimal hyperplasia in the rat carotid balloon injury model.

The Comparison of Reasons for not Receiving Reperfusion Therapy on Acute Myocardial Infarction for the Recent 10 Years

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to evaluate the changing aspects of the reasons why patients with an acute myocardial infarction were not given the adequate reperfusion therapy over the last 10 years. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All patients were divided into a reperfusion group (phase I=55, phase II=289) who received reperfusion therapy such as a thrombolytic trial or direct PCI, and a conservative group who had not received reperfusion therapy (phase I=83, phase II=81). We analyzed the clinical characteristics and the various time delays from chest pain onset, the first hospital arrival time, the transfer time, the ER arrival time, and the door to reperfusion time in 138 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to Wonju Christian Hospital from Jan. 1991 to Oct. 1993 and 370 patients from Jan. 1997 to Jun. 2002. RESULTS: 55 cases (39.9%) received an adequate reperfusion therapy during phase I and 289 cases (78.1%) received an adequate reperfusion therapy on phase II. 213 cases (78.1%) received direct PTCA on phase II and 12 cases on phase I. The patient time delay was 305.0+/-346.8 min and 253.7+/-233.4 min, the first hospital time delay, 237.2+/-320.7 min and 183.0+/-243.6 min in phase I and phase II. Only 4.8% of patients was were transferred from the first hospital after reperfusion therapy in phase I, but 43.1% of patients were transferred in phase II. The Patient time delay was the most common reason for not receiving reperfusion therapy in phase I, and II, and the time delay and lack of adequate reperfusion therapy at the first hospital despite the early arrival were the second most common reason. Other reasons included a contraindication to lytic therapy, a subsidence of pain or a ST segment elevation, no initial change in the ST segment on EKG and a delay in therapy. CONCLUSION: The most common reason of not receiving reperfusion therapy was patient delay and the time delay at the first hospital. In addition, reperfusion therapy in the first hospital has increased over the last 10 years. To maximize the effectiveness of reperfusion therapy, it is important to shorten the hospital arrival time delay and to use reperfusion therapy at the first hospital.

A Case of Behcet's Disease Presenting with Aneurysm of Abdominal Aorta and Hemorrhagic Ulcerative Lesion of Terminal Ileum

Behcet's disease is a disorder of a multisystemic involvement with unknown etiology. Involvement of the cardiovascular system and intestinal tract are rare, but serious complications. We present a case with Behcet's disease demonstrating aneurysm of the abdominal aorta as well as hemorrhagic ileal ulcerative lesions and requiring surgical treatment.

LB30057, A Direct Thrombin Inhibitor, Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell proliferation in vitro and the Neointimal Hyperplasia in Rat Carotid Injury Model

BACKGROUND: Recent data showed prolonged administration of direct thrombin inhibitor might be needed to counteract the persistent thrombin activity and reduce the neointimal hyperplasia after arterial injury. We hypothesized that prolonged administration of LB30057, orally active direct thrombin inhibitor, might inhibit the vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in vitro and neointimal hyperplasia in rat carotid injury model. METHODS: In phase I, thrombin stimulated [methyl-3H] thymidine uptake was measured after LB30057 administration in cell culture study using rat aortic SMC. In phase II, LB30057 (low-dose: 5mg/kg, bid: mid-dose: 25mg/kg, bid: high-dose: 50mg/kg, bid) or placebo was administrated orally twice a day starting from 30minutes before injury until sacrifice for 14days in separated 2 sets of experiment. The histo-morphometric analysis for lumen area, intimal area, medial area, intima-to-medial ratio was performed. RESULTS: In vitro rat aortic SMC culture study, LB30057 inhibited thrombin-induced thymidine uptake. The mean neointimal area was significantly less in high-dose and mid-dose group than placebo group (high-dose vs. placebo: 0.14+/-0.02mm2 vs. 0.25+/-0.02mm2: mid-dose vs. placebo: 0.16+/-0.02mm2 vs. 0.29+/-0.03mm2, p<0.005) respectively and the mean ratio of neointima to medial area were significantly less in high-dose and mid-dose group than in placebo group (high-dose vs. placebo: 1.20+/-0.57 vs. 1.94+/-0.67, mid-dose vs. placebo: 1.58+/-0.29 vs. 2.39+/-0.27, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean area of internal elastic lamina, external elastic lamina and mean luminal area between groups. In 2nd set experiment, the mean neointimal area (placebo: 0.29+/-0.03mm2, mid-dose: 0.16+/-0.02mm2: p<0.005), the mean area of internal elastic lamina and external elastic lamina were significantly less in mid-dose group than in placebo group. The mean ratio of neointima to medial area was significantly less in mid-dose group(1.58+/-0.29) than in placebo group (2.39+/-0.27) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: LB30057 inhibits SMC proliferation in a dose dependent manner. Prolonged 14-day oral administration of LB30057 is effective in reducing the neointimal hyperplasia in rat carotid balloon injury model.

Two Cases of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with Pulmonary Hemorrhage Induced by Injection of Silicone at Perineum / 결핵

Silicone fluid is a biomaterial widely used in modern cosmetic procedures because there are few side effects, considerable chemical stability and predictable physical properties. However, many local and systemic adverse reactions have reported. In particular some serious pulmonary complications have been reported such as pulmonary thromboembolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome with some cases leading to mortality. Most of the serious complicated cases were induced by an illegal silicone fluid injection. We experienced two cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome with pulmonary hemorrhage induced by an illegal silicone fluid injection. The patients were 41 & 51 year old women, who complained of dyspnea. The chest X-ray and HRCT scan findings showed a bilateral ground glass attenuation on the bilateral dependent portion of the upper and middle lung zone. The patients clinical symptoms and the radiologic and other laboratory findings were compatible with acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by the silicon fluid injection. Here we report two cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome with pulmonary hemorrhage induced by an illegal silicone injection with a review of the relevant literature.

A Giant Hydronephrosis in Adult / 대한신장학회잡지

The term of giant hydronephrosis in adults, is applied when the collecting system contains more than 1,000 mL of fluid. The commonest cause of asymptomatic giant hydronephrosis in early adult life is congenital ureteropelvic stenosis. Giant hydronephrosis in adults is uncommon and often clinically misdiagnosed, because clinical characteristics are vague and generalized symptom. We presented a giant hydronephrosis associated with ureter stricture on 31 years old male.